Ayrton Senna da Silva (Born March
21, 1960 Died May 1, 1994) was a Brazilian racing driver
and triple Formula One world champion. He remains the last
Grand Prix driver killed while driving a Formula One car.
A kart racer from an early age, Senna
won the British Formula 3 championship in 1983 and made
his Formula One debut with Toleman the next year. He moved
to Lotus-Renault in 1985, and won six Grands Prix over the
next three seasons. In 1988 he joined Frenchman Alain Prost
at McLaren-Honda, the top driver and team at the time, and
won that year's championship. He and Prost developed a heated
rivalry, which is regarded as the bitterest in F1 history.
Senna also won the 1990 and 1991 F1 championships. In the
next two years with McLaren, despite driving an inferior
car, Senna won races and challenged for the 1993 world title,
finishing runner-up to Prost. He switched to the then-dominant
Williams Renault team for the 1994 season. At the third
race of the year millions of fans witnessed his fatal crash
live on global TV coverage whilst leading the San Marino
Grand Prix.
During his Grand Prix racing career,
Senna became an international sporting superstar. His wet
weather driving skills were often showcased during his ten
years in the sport, most notably in his near victory during
the 1984 Monaco Grand Prix despite an inferior car, his
dominant first victory in the 1985 Portuguese Grand Prix
and his acclaimed 1993 European Grand Prix. He was recognized
for his qualifying speed over one lap, as shown by his 65
pole positions in 162 races. His record six victories in
the Monaco Grand Prix, the 1991 Brazilian Grand Prix win,
and the 1988 Japanese Grand Prix win that earned him his
first Drivers' title are some examples of his finest performances.
Senna was also known for his ruthless will to win. This
became evident most infamously during the 1990 Japanese
Grand Prix in which Senna deliberately crashed his McLaren
into Prost's Ferrari, some say in retribution to Prost's
similar actions the year before. Both drivers were eliminated
from the race, which handed the title to Senna.
Senna entered karting competition at
the age of 13. In 1977, he won the South American Kart Championship.
He then contested the Karting World Championship on several
occasions, finishing second in 1979 and 1980.
In 1981 and 1982 he moved to England
with his wife Liliane and began racing single-seaters in
Europe, winning the British Formula Ford 1600 championship.
He was champion in British and European Formula Ford 2000
the following year. He also adopted his mother's maiden
name, Senna, as da Silva is a very common name in Brazil.
In 1983, Senna won the British Formula
Three Championship after a closely-fought and at times controversial
battle with Martin Brundle. He also triumphed in the prestigious
Macau Grand Prix with Teddy Yip's Theodore Racing Team which
was closely related to the West Surrey Racing team he drove
for in British F3. Senna attracted the attention of F1 teams
Williams, McLaren, Brabham and Toleman, all of whom he tested
for. Fellow Brazilian Nelson Piquet opposed him joining
Brabham, and of the remaining three only Toleman offered
him a race seat for 1984, so he joined the fledgling team.
Senna's Toleman TG184 from 1984 on display
in the Donington Grand Prix Collection.Senna scored his
first World Championship point in his second Grand Prix
at Kyalami in South Africa. He repeated the result two weeks
later at the Belgian Grand Prix at Zolder. However, in the
season's fourth race, the San Marino Grand Prix, Senna failed
to qualify, the only time this happened during his F1 career.
His performance in the 1984 Monaco Grand Prix brought him
a lot of attention. He qualified 13th on the grid and made
rapid progress through the soaking streets of Monte Carlo.
By lap 19, he passed second-place man Niki Lauda and began
to cut the gap to race leader Alain Prost. Before he could
pass Prost the race was stopped on lap 31 for safety reasons
as the rain grew even heavier. Senna took two more podium
finishes that year - third at the British and Portuguese
Grands Prix. That left him tied with Nigel Mansell on 13
points, despite having missed the Italian Grand Prix when
he was suspended by Toleman after breaking his contract
by signing for Lotus for 1985. Also in 1984 Senna took part
in the 1000 km of Nürburgring where, alongside Henri
Pescarolo and Stefan Johansson, he co-drove a Joest Racing
Porsche 956 to 8th. He also entered an exhibition race to
celebrate the opening of the new Nürburgring. Several
top F1 drivers took part in the event, driving identical
Mercedes 190E 2.3-16. Senna won from Lauda and Carlos Reutemann.
At Lotus in 1985 Senna was partnered
by Italian driver Elio de Angelis. Senna put up a good show
at the season opener in Brazil at the Jacarepaguá
Circuit in Rio de Janeiro, but retired with an electrical
problem from third position. Senna set his first pole position
at the second round, held at the Autódromo do Estoril
in Estoril, Portugal, during April 19 - 21, 1985. He went
on to convert his first ever pole into his first ever first
Grand Prix victory, winning in heavy rain which saw second-place
man Prost spin off into the wall. Senna took the pole position
during qualifying for the 1985 Monaco Grand Prix, but was
accused of deliberately baulking other drivers during the
final qualifying session by running more laps than necessary.
Niki Lauda and Michele Alboreto were most upset by events;
Alboreto going so far as to force Senna up an escape road
during the session. Senna pointed out that even on the 13th
of his 16 qualifying laps he nearly equalled his pole position
time, and therefore had continued to run at a competitive
pace. Senna added a second victory, also in the wet, in
the Belgian GP at the Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps. However,
his working relationship with De Angelis grew sour, with
both drivers demanding top driver status. Although sensibly
quicker (and technically better assisted), Senna spent most
of the season behind De Angelis on the points table. Senna
ended 1985 fourth in the World Championship with 38 points
and six podiums (two wins, two seconds and two thirds),
and seven pole positions. De Angelis ended fifth with 33
points and three podiums (one win, two thirds).
Senna driving for Lotus at the 1986 British
Grand Prix.For 1986, Senna was partnered by Scot Johnny
Dumfries after Senna vetoed England's Derek Warwick from
joining the team, saying that Lotus were not able to run
competitive cars for two top drivers at the same time. The
new Lotus 98T proved more reliable than its predecessor
and the season started on a high for Senna, who finished
second to Piquet at their home event in Brazil at Jacarepaguá.
He took the World Championship lead for the first time in
his career after winning the Spanish GP at Jerez in which
he beat Mansell's Williams-Honda by 0.014 s - one of the
closest finishes in Formula One history. His championship
lead did not last long after he suffered several retirements
due to mechanical failures. The chase for the title became
a fight between Prost's McLaren-TAG and the Williams-Honda
duo of Piquet and Mansell. Senna took his second victory
of the year at the United States GP at Detroit, and finished
the season in fourth place again, with 55 points, eight
pole positions and six podium finishes.
1987 promised better things. Lotus now
had the same powerful Honda engines as Williams after Renault
decided to step out of the sport. After a slow start, Senna
won two races in a row: the prestigious Monaco GP (the first
of a record breaking six victories at the Principality)
and the United States GP at Detroit for the second year
in a row, once again taking the World Championship lead.
This time, the Lotus-Honda 99T seemed to be more or less
on par with the all-conquering Williams-Honda cars once
again driven by Piquet and Mansell. But despite the improved
performance of the 99T, which used a highly innovative and
technical active suspension system, the Williams FW11Bs
of Piquet and Mansell were still the cars to beat. The gap
between the two teams was never more evident than at the
1987 British Grand Prix at Silverstone where both Mansell
and Piquet lapped the identically-engined Lotuses of Senna
and team-mate Satoru Nakajima. After a spin due to a faulty
clutch in the third to last round in Mexico, Senna was out
of the championship hunt, leaving Piquet and Mansell to
fight it out for the last two races. Mansell badly injured
his back in a heavy accident while practicing for the 1987
Japanese Grand Prix at Suzuka, effectively handing the 1987
World Championship to Piquet since he would miss the last
two races of the year. This meant that Senna still had a
chance to finish as runner-up in the standings if he finished
at least third in the two remaining races in Japan and Australia.
He finished second in both events, but at the Australian
Grand Prix, post-race scrutineering found the brake ducts
of his Lotus-Honda to be wider than permitted by the rules
and he was disqualified, bringing his last and most successful
season with Lotus to a sour end. After the disqualification,
he was classified third in the final standings, with 57
points, one pole position, and six podium finishes (four
seconds and two thirds). This season marked a turning point
in Senna's career as, throughout the year, he built a deep
relationship with Honda, a relationship which would pay
big dividends, for Senna was heading for McLaren who had
secured Williams' supply of Honda's V6 turbo engines for
1988.
Senna won his first World Championship
in 1988. At his hands, the McLaren MP4/4.In 1988, thanks
to the relationship he had built up with Honda throughout
the 1987 season with Lotus, and with the approval of McLaren's
number one driver and then-double world champion, Alain
Prost, Senna joined the McLaren team. The foundation for
a fierce competition between Senna and Prost was laid, culminating
in a number of dramatic race incidents between the two.
The pair won 15 of 16 races in the dominant McLaren MP4/4
in 1988 with Senna coming out on top, winning his first
Formula One world championship title. At the 1988 Portuguese
Grand Prix, Prost got away slightly faster than Senna at
the start but the Brazilian dived into the first corner
ahead. Prost responded and went to pass Senna at the end
of the first lap. Senna swerved to block Prost, forcing
the Frenchman nearly to run into the pitwall at 180 mph.
Prost kept his foot down and soon edged Senna into the first
corner and started pulling away fast. Though Prost was angered
by Senna's manoeuvre, the Brazilian got away with a warning
from the FIA.
Senna driving the McLaren MP4/5 in 1989.The
following year the rivalry between Senna and Prost intensified
into battles on the track and a psychological war off it.
Prost took the 1989 world title after a collision with Senna
at the Suzuka track, the second to last race in the season,
which Senna needed to win if he wanted to remain in contention
for the title. Senna had attempted an inside pass when Prost
turned into the corner and cut him off, with the two McLarens
finishing up with their wheels interlocked in the Suzuka
chicane escape road. Senna then got a push-start from marshals,
stopped at the McLaren pit to replace the damaged nose cone
of his car, and rejoined the race. He took the lead from
the Benetton of Alessandro Nannini and went on to finish
first, only to be later disqualified by the FIA for cutting
the chicane after the collision, and for crossing into the
pit lane entry (not part of the track).[20] A large fine
and temporary suspension of his Super License followed in
the winter of 1989 and Senna engaged in a bitter war of
words with the FIA and its then President Jean-Marie Balestre.
In 1990, at the same circuit and with
both drivers again in contention for the title, Senna took
pole ahead of Prost. The pole position in Suzuka was on
the right-hand, dirty side of the track. Prost's Ferrari
made a better start and pulled ahead of Senna's McLaren.
At the first turn Senna aggressively kept his line while
Prost turned in and the McLaren ploughed into the rear wheel
of Prost's Ferrari at about 270 km/h (170 mph), putting
both cars off the track, this time making Senna the Formula
1 world champion. A year later, after taking his third world
championship, Senna explained to the press his actions of
the previous year in Suzuka. He maintained that prior to
qualifying fastest, he had sought and received assurances
from race officials that pole position would be changed
to the left-hand, clean side of the track, only to find
this decision reversed by Jean-Marie Balestre after he had
taken pole. Explaining the collision with Prost, Senna said
that what he had wanted was to make clear he was not going
to accept what he perceived as unfair decisions by Balestre
including his disqualification in 1989 and the pole position
in 1990: "I think what happened in 1989 was unforgivable,
and I will never forget it. I still struggle to cope with
it even now. You know what took place here: Prost and I
crashed at the chicane, when he turned into me. Afterwards,
I rejoined the race, and I won it, but they decided against
me, and that was not justice. What happened afterwards was...
a theatre, but I could not say what I thought. If you do
that, you get penalties, you get fined, you lose your license
maybe. Is that a fair way of working? It is not...At Suzuka
last year I asked the officials to change pole position
from the right side of the track to the left. It was unfair,
as it was, because the right side is always dirty, and there
is less grip you sweat to get pole position, and then you
are penalized for it. And they said, "Yes, no problem".
Then, what happened? Balestre gave an order that it wasn't
to be changed. I know how the system works, and I thought
this was really s. So I said to myself, "OK, whatever
happens, I'm going to get into the first corner first I'm
not prepared to let the guy (Alain Prost) turn into that
corner before me. If I'm near enough to him, he can't turn
in front of me he just has to let me through." I didn't
care if we crashed; I went for it. And he took a chance,
turned in, and we crashed. It was building up, it was inevitable.
It had to happen." So you did cause it then, someone
said. "Why did I cause it?" Senna responded. "If
you get f***** every time you try to do your job cleanly,
within the system, what do you do? Stand back, and say thank
you? No way. You should fight for what you think is right.
If pole had been on the left, I'd have made it to the first
corner in the lead, no problem. That was a bad decision
to keep pole on the right, and it was influenced by Balestre.
And the result was what happened in the first corner. I
contributed to it, but it was not my responsibility".
Senna won the 1991 United States Grand
Prix for McLaren. Senna also won the 1991 Monaco Grand Prix,
in addition to winning the Brazilian and San Marino Grands
Prix in between. Nigel Mansell gives Senna a lift back to
the paddock on the Victory Lap of the 1991 British Grand
Prix, at Silverstone. Mansell had won the race, while Senna
had run out of fuel.Senna captured his third title in 1991,
taking seven wins and staying largely clear of controversy.
Prost, due to the downturn in performance at Ferrari, was
no longer a serious competitor. He won the first 4 races.
By mid-season, Nigel Mansell in the more advanced Williams
was able to put up a challenge. Though Senna's consistency
and the William's unreliability at the season start gave
him an early advantage, Senna insisted that Honda step up
their engine development program and demanded further improvements
to the car before it was too late. These modifications enabled
him to make a late season push by winning three races to
secure the championship. There were some memorable moments,
such as at the Spanish Grand Prix when Senna and Mansell
went wheel to wheel with only centimeters to spare, at over
320 km/h (200mph) down the main straight, a race that the
Briton eventually won. Quite a different spectacle was offered
following Mansell's victory in the British Grand Prix at
Silverstone. Senna's car had come to a halt on the final
lap but he was not left stranded out on the circuit, as
Mansell pulled over on his parade lap and allowed the Brazilian
to ride on the Williams side-pod back to the pits.
In 1992, Senna's absolute determination
to win manifested itself in dismay at McLaren's inability
to challenge Williams all-conquering FW14B car. McLaren's
new car for the season had several shortcomings. There was
delay in getting the new model running (it debuted in the
fourth race of the season) and in addition to lacking active
suspension the new car suffered from reliability issues,
was unpredictable in fast corners, while its Honda V12 engine
was no longer the most powerful on the circuit. Senna scored
wins in Monaco, Hungary, and Italy that year, but finished
a disappointing fourth overall in the championship, behind
the Williams duo of Mansell and Patrese, and Benetton's
Michael Schumacher.
Questions about Senna's intentions for
1993 lingered throughout 1992 as he did not have a contract
with any team by the end of the year. He felt the McLaren
cars were less competitive than previously (especially after
Honda bowed out of Formula 1 at the end of the 1992 season).
Joining Williams alongside Prost became impossible since
Prost had a clause on his contract forbidding Senna as a
team-mate, even though the Brazilian offered to drive for
free. An infuriated Senna called Prost a coward in a press
conference in Estoril. In December, Senna went to Phoenix,
Arizona and tested Emerson Fittipaldi's Penske IndyCar.
McLaren boss Ron Dennis meanwhile was
trying to secure a supply of the dominant Renault V10 engine
for 1993. When this deal fell through, McLaren was forced
to take a customer supply of Ford V8 engines. As a customer
team, McLaren got an engine that was a version behind that
of Ford's factory team, Benetton, but hoped to make up for
the inferior horsepower with mechanical sophistication,
including an effective active suspension system. Dennis
then finally persuaded Senna to return to McLaren. But the
Brazilian agreed only to sign up for the first race in South
Africa, where he would assess whether McLarens equipment
was competitive enough for him to put in a good season.
After driving McLaren's 1993 car, Senna concluded that the
new car had a surprising potential albeit the engine was
still down on power and would be no match for Prosts
Williams Renault. Senna declined to sign a one-year contract
but agreed to drive on a race-by-race basis, eventually
staying for the year, although some sources claim this was
a marketing ploy between Dennis and Senna. After finishing
second in the opening race in South Africa, Senna won in
constantly changing conditions at home in Brazil and in
the rain at Donington. The latter has often been regarded
as one of Senna's greatest victories. He started the race
fourth and dropped to fifth on the run down to the first
corner, but was leading before the first lap was completed.
He went on to lap the entire field in a race where up to
seven pit stops were required by some drivers for rain/slick
tyres depending on the conditions. Senna then scored a second
place finish in Spain and a record breaking sixth win at
Monaco. After Monaco, the sixth race of the season, Senna
led the championship ahead of Prost in the Williams-Renault
and Benetton's Michael Schumacher despite McLarens
inferior engine. As the season progressed, Prost and Damon
Hill asserted the superiority of the Williams-Renault car,
with Prost securing the drivers' championship while Hill
moved up to second in the standings. Senna concluded the
season and his McLaren career with two wins in Japan and
Australia, finishing 2nd overall in the championship. The
penultimate race was noted for an incident where Jordan's
rookie Eddie Irvine unlapped himself against Senna. The
incensed Brazilian later appeared at Jordan's garage and
punched the Ulsterman.
For 1994, Senna finally signed with the
Williams-Renault team. Prost's contract clause forbidding
Senna from joining Williams did not extend to 1994 and Prost
retired with one year left on his contract, rather than
face the prospect of being a team mate of his greatest rival.
Williams had won the previous two World Championships with
vastly superior cars, and Senna was a natural and presumptive
pre-season title favourite, with second-year driver Damon
Hill intended to play the supporting role. Between them,
Prost, Senna, and Hill had won all but one race in 1993.
Benetton's Michael Schumacher had won the remaining event.
Pre-season testing showed that the Williams car had speed,
but it was difficult to drive. The FIA had banned electronic
driver aids, such as active suspension, traction control
and ABS, to make the sport more "human". The Williams
was not a well-handling car at the start of 1994, as observed
by other F1 drivers, having been seen to be very loose at
the rear. Senna himself had made numerous (politically careful)
comments that the Williams FW16 had some quirks which needed
to be ironed out. It was obvious that the FW16, after the
regulation changes banning active suspension and traction
control, exhibited none of the superiority of the FW15C
and FW14B cars that had preceded it. The surprise of testing
was the Benetton team, whose car was more nimble than the
Williams although less powerful. The first race of the season
was in Brazil, where Senna took pole. In the race Senna
took an early lead but Schumacher's Benetton was never far
behind. Schumacher took the race lead for good after passing
Senna in the pits. Senna refused to settle for second. While
trying for a win, he pushed too hard and spun the car, stalling
it and retiring from the race. The second race was the Pacific
Grand Prix at Aida where Senna again placed the car on pole.
However, he was hit from behind in the first corner by Mika
Häkkinen and his race came to a definitive end when
a Ferrari driven by Nicola Larini also crashed into his
Williams. Hill finished second while Schumacher took victory
again. It was Senna's worst start to an F1 season, failing
to finish or score points in the first two races, despite
taking pole both times. Schumacher was leading Senna in
the drivers' championship by twenty points. Luca Di Montezemolo
is quoted saying that Senna came to him the Tuesday before
the Imola race and praised Ferrari for the battle against
electronics in F1. Senna also told Montezemolo that he would
like to end his career with Ferrari.
Ayrton Senna's fatal accident at the
moment of impact. Memorial at the Autodromo Enzo e Dino
Ferrari, where Ayrton was killed. At the third race of the
season, the San Marino Grand Prix at Imola, Senna, having
not finished the two opening races of the season, declared
that this was where his season would start, with fourteen
races, as opposed to sixteen, in which to win the title.
Senna again placed the car on pole, but he was particularly
upset by two events. On Friday, during the afternoon qualifying
session, Senna's protégé, the then F1 newcomer
Rubens Barrichello, was involved in a serious accident that
prevented him from competing in the race. The next day,
Austrian driver Roland Ratzenberger was killed in a practice
accident. Senna spent his final morning meeting fellow drivers,
determined after Ratzenberger's accident to take on a new
responsibility to re-create a Drivers' Safety group (i.e.
Grand Prix Drivers' Association) to increase safety in Formula
One. As the most senior driver, he offered to take the role
of leader in this effort. Senna and the other drivers all
opted to start the Grand Prix, but the race was interrupted
by a huge accident at the start line. A safety car was deployed
and the drivers followed it for several laps. On the restart
Senna immediately set a quick pace with the third quickest
lap of the race, followed by Schumacher. As Senna entered
the high-speed Tamburello corner on the next lap, the car
left the track at high speed, hitting the concrete retaining
wall at around 135 mph. Senna was removed from the car by
Sid Watkins and his medical team and treated by the side
of the car before being airlifted to Bologna hospital where
Senna was later declared dead. What had likely happened
was that the right front wheel had shot up after impact
like a catapult and violated the cockpit area where Senna
was sitting. It impacted the right frontal area of his helmet,
and the violence of the wheels impact pushed his head
back against the headrest, causing fatal skull fractures.
A piece of upright attached to the wheel had partially penetrated
his helmet and made a big indent in his forehead. In addition,
it appeared that a jagged piece of the upright assembly
had penetrated the helmet visor just above his right eye.
Any one of the three injuries would probably have killed
him.[50] As track officials examined the wreckage of his
racing car they found a furled Austrian flag -- a victory
flag that he was going to raise in honour of Austrian Roland
Ratzenberger, who had died on that track the day before.
To this day, the cause of the accident has still not been
fully determined after many court cases, including Williams
being investigated for manslaughter though the charges were
later dropped.
Senna's death was considered by many
of his Brazilian fans to be a national tragedy, and the
Brazilian government declared three days of national mourning.
An estimated million people lined the streets to give him
their salute. Many prominent motor racing figures attended
Senna's state funeral, notably Alain Prost, Damon Hill and
Emerson Fittipaldi who were among the pallbearers. However,
Senna's family did not allow FOM president Bernie Ecclestone
to attend,and FIA President Max Mosley instead attended
the funeral of Ratzenberger which took place on May 7, 1994
in Salzburg, Austria.[53] Mosley said in a press conference
ten years later, "I went to his funeral because everyone
went to Senna's. I thought it was important that somebody
went to his." A testament to the adulation he inspired
among fans worldwide was the scene at the Tokyo headquarters
of Honda where the McLaren cars were typically displayed
after each race. Upon his death, so many floral tributes
were received that it overwhelmed the large exhibit lobby.[citation
needed] This in spite the fact Senna no longer drove for
McLaren and that McLaren, in the preceding seasons did not
utilize Honda power. Senna had a special relationship with
company founder Soichiro Honda[citation needed] and was
beloved in Japan where he achieved a near mythic status.
In his home country of Brazil, the main freeway from the
international airport to São Paulo and a tunnel along
route to the heart of the city is named in his honour. Also,
one of the most important freeways of Rio de Janeiro is
named after Senna ("Avenida Ayrton Senna"). Senna
is buried at the Morumbi Cemetery in his hometown of São
Paulo. For the next race at Monaco, the FIA decided to leave
empty the first two grid positions and painted them with
the colors of the Brazilian and the Austrian flag, to honour
Senna and Ratzenberger.
Senna was born in São Paulo. At
school he excelled in gymnastics, art and chemistry but
found mathematics, physics and English difficult.[citation
needed] The son of a wealthy Brazilian landowner, he developed
an interest in motor racing at an early age. Beyond his
exceptional driving skills Senna was one of the sport's
most compelling personalities.[55] Intensely introspective
and extremely passionate, he used driving as a means for
self-discovery, and racing as a metaphor for life: The harder
I push, the more I find within myself. I am always looking
for the next step, a different world to go into, areas where
I have not been before. Its lonely driving a Grand
Prix car, but very absorbing. I have experienced new sensations
and I want more. That is my excitement, my motivation. Also
notable was the unique duality of his character. Starkly
contrasting to Senna's intense and unyielding will to win
on the track, his exploits off it were humane and compassionate.[original
research?] A deeply religious man, he reportedly donated
the bulk of his fortune to create the "Ayrton Senna
Foundation", with the aim of helping poor and needy
young people in Brazil and around the world.
He was renowned for his close relationship
with Gerhard Berger, and the two were always playing practical
jokes on each other. Berger is quoted as saying "He
taught me a lot about our sport, I taught him to laugh".
Eventually becoming concerned with the potential dangers
of his sport, he helped to push for the organization of
a driver safety group shortly before his final race. In
the documentary film "The Right to Win" made in
2004 as a tribute to Senna, Frank Williams notably recalls
that as good a driver as Senna was, ultimately "he
was an even greater man outside of the car than he was in
it." Many safety improvements were made in the sport
following Senna and Ratzenberger's deaths. Although many
other drivers had died before him, no other driver of the
same fame and adoration had been killed in an F1 race. Improved
crash barriers, redesigned tracks and tyre barriers, higher
crash safety standards, and higher sills on the driver cockpit
are changes due to Senna and Ratzenberger's deaths. After
Senna's death it was discovered that he had donated millions
of dollars of his personal fortune (estimated at $400 million
at the time of his death) to children's charities, a fact
that during his life he had kept secret. His foundation
in Brazil, Instituto Ayrton Senna, has invested nearly US$80
million over the last twelve years in social programs and
actions in partnership with schools, government, NGOs, and
the private sector aimed at offering children and teenagers
from low-income backgrounds the skills and opportunities
they need to develop to their full potential as persons,
citizens and future professionals. In 2004 (when, ten years
after his death, the Brazilian media revisited the life
of Senna), a book called "Ayrton: The Hero Revealed"
(original title: "Ayrton: O Herói Revelado"
was published in Brazil. The book recalls several passages
of Senna's career, and adds previously unknown information
about his personal life. Senna remains a national hero in
Brazil and his grave attracts more visitors than the graves
of John F Kennedy, Marilyn Monroe and Elvis Presley combined.
In addition, to mark the 10th anniversary
of Senna's passing, on April 21, 2004, over 10,000 people
attended a charity match in a football stadium near Imola.
The game was organized by several devoted Italian and Canadian
fans of Senna, bringing the 1994 FIFA World Cup winning
team of Brazil (who dedicated their 1994 FIFA World Cup
win to Senna) to face the "Nazionale Piloti",
an exhibition team comprised exclusively of top race car
drivers. Senna had been a part of the latter in 1985. Michael
Schumacher, Jarno Trulli, Rubens Barrichello, Fernando Alonso
and many others faced the likes of Dunga, Careca, Taffarel
and many of the team that won the World Cup in the USA ten
years earlier. The match finished 5-5 and the money was
donated to Instituto Ayrton Senna. Viviane Senna, Senna's
sister, president of the institute (and mother of future
GP2 driver Bruno Senna), gave the initial kick. That same
weekend, Bernie Ecclestone revealed that he still believed
Senna was and remained the best F1 driver he had ever seen.
In 2005, Italian singer Cesare Cremonini
released a song entitled, "Marmellata #25", and
in the chorus he has part of a line that reads in Italian
"Ahh! Da quando Senna non corre più... non è
più domenica!", which translates to: "Oh!
Since Senna doesn't race anymore...it's not Sunday anymore!"
To take advantage of the close relationship Honda had with
the Brazilian prodigy during his tenure as #1 driver for
the McLaren/Honda F1 Team, Senna was called in to fine-tune
the Honda NSX's suspension setting during its final development
stages. The tests were conducted at Suzuka Circuit with
chief NSX engineer Shigeru Uehara and his engineering team
present to gather Senna's direct input. As a result of his
suspension tuning, Senna subsequently found the prototype
NSX initially lacked chassis stiffness to the level he was
accustomed to, so the final production version was further
reinforced to his satisfaction. Dubbed the 1992 NSX Type-R
it is a limited version of the car, sold mainly within Japan.
In 2002, the MV Agusta F4 750 Senna motorbike was created
by Claudio Castiglioni, president of MV Agusta, to pay tribute
to Senna, who was a close friend of his. It was limited
to 300 bikes, and all profits from sales went to the Ayrton
Senna Foundation. The bike's chassis and engine are based
on the F4 750 SPR, which is a highly-specified version of
the F4.
(c)
Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 2007